As a central component of governance systems in inter-organizational relationships, contracts have attracted the attention of many scholars. This workshop will focus on the empirical challenges associated with research on inter-organizational contracts. After an overview of existing empirical works in this area, we will analyze important methodological challenges such as the different types of data collection (archival data, experiment, available database, survey, case study, etc.), the operationalization of key constructs in the contracting research, or the endogeneity issue that may arise when examining the impact of contracts on any type of performance. Future research opportunities will also be discussed.